Introduction to wind principles / Thomas E. Kissell.

• Chapter 1: Introduction To Wind Power -- Basic parts of wind turbines and how they generate electricity -- History of wind power -- Wind turbine classifications -- Wind turbine specifications -- Wind turbine standards and certification -- Need for an uninterrupted power supply -- Electricity transmission limitations -- Electrical demand in the United States -- Total daily demand for electricity in the United States -- Total peak demand -- Residential demand -- Grid-tied systems -- Stand-alone remote power sources -- Environmental and ecological assessments for wind power -- Need for energy from green technologies -- Future directions for wind power -- Political implications for wind power -- Financial implications and return on investment -- Green energy payback calculations -- Tax considerations for wind power -- Skills needed for green technology jobs -- Jobs in wind power industries -- Chapter 2: Wind Resources And Sites For Wind Energy -- Basic physics of wind power -- Nature of wind -- Geographic considerations for wind systems -- Variations in wind speed -- Seasonal and annual variations in wind speed -- Day/night variations in wind speed -- Turbulence -- Gusting wind speeds -- Extreme wind speeds -- Predicting wind speed -- Turbulence in wakes on wind farms -- Turbulence in complex terrain -- Sizing a wind power system for a particular application -- Determining how much wind power is available at a site -- Local codes that may affect wind power systems -- Site requirements -- Determining the proper site for a wind turbine -- Chapter 3: Operation Of Vertical- And Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines -- Introduction and overview of airfoils -- Types of turbines -- Vertical-axis wind turbines -- Horizontal-axis wind turbines -- Blade geometry -- Number of blades -- Comparison of blade types -- Advantages and disadvantages of single-bladed, two-bladed, and three-bladed turbines -- Chapter 4: Wind Turbine Performance -- Constant-rotational-speed operation -- What makes the turbine blade rotate -- Angle of attack and blade pitch -- Blade pitch control -- How wind turbines operate at variable wind speeds -- Estimating how much energy is converted -- Testing wind turbines -- Problems with wind generator turbulence -- How to determine wind generator peak performance -- Chapter 5: Basic Parts Of Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines -- Overview of the horizontal-axis wind turbine -- Nacelle and the nacelle bedplate -- Rotor hubs and blade types -- Number of blades -- Rotor blade pitch adjustments and teetering -- Rotational speed and rotor speed control -- Individual pitch control of the blades -- Control of blades for load efficiency -- Yaw mechanism -- Yaw drives -- Yaw control -- Yaw drive brakes -- Data acquisition and communications -- Anemometer and wind vane -- Wind turbine supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems -- Wind turbine control systems -- Basic operation of the programmable logic controller -- PLC inputs and outputs -- PLC analog control -- Controlling wind turbines through feedback control to the PLC -- Using the PLC for power control -- Optimizing blade tip speed -- Using the PLC to optimize blade torque -- PLC program storage and permanent memory -- Controlling the magnetizing current in the generator -- Hydraulic controls -- What the hydraulic system is used for on a wind turbine -- Hydraulic pumps -- Directional control devices -- Electrical control through hydraulic solenoid values -- Hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors -- Hydraulic proportional control valves -- Brakes on wind turbines -- Chapter 6: Generators -- Overview of AC and DC electricity -- What is alternating current? -- Frequency of AC voltage -- Introduction to magnetic theory -- DC generators -- AC motors -- Basic AC alternators (generators) -- Asynchronous AC generators -- Synchronous generators -- Doubly fed (double-excited) AC induction generators -- Permanent-magnet synchronous generators -- Using an alternator to produce DC voltage -- Chapter 7: Gearboxes And Direct-Drive Systems -- Why gearboxes are needed -- Advantages of gear ratios -- Types of gears -- Helical planetary gears -- Bearings -- Gearbox differential and spur gears -- Main gearbox -- Drive trains -- Direct-drive systems -- Chapter 8: Gird And Integration Of Wind-Generated Electricity -- Understanding the grid -- Smart grid -- Transformers, transmission, and distribution infrastructures -- Grid code rules and regulations -- National electrical code and other requirements for the grid -- Supplying power for a building or residence -- Switches and connections for power distribution -- Utility grid-tied net metering -- Overview of power quality issues -- Frequency and voltage control -- Voltage, true power and reactive power -- Low-voltage ride-through -- Flicker and power quality -- System grounding -- Underground feeder circuits -- Cable installation -- Overhead feeder circuits -- Wind farm substations -- Connecting to residential or commercial single-source power systems -- Chapter 9: Types Of Towers, Tower Designs, And Safety -- Types of wind turbine towers -- Foundations and concrete support for towers -- Climbing towers -- Safety issue when working with towers and climbing safety -- Lightning safety for wind turbines -- Overspeed safety and overload controls to protect towers -- Birds and bird safety around towers -- Tower maintenance -- Chapter 10: Wind Turbine Installations And Wind Farms -- Project development -- Wind site assessment -- Site issues -- Visual and landscape assessment -- Small residential wind turbine systems -- Home-made wind turbine systems -- Commercial wind turbine systems -- Wind farms -- Offshore installations in the United States -- Large offshore wind farms in Europe -- Chapter 11: Installation, Troubleshooting, And Maintenance Of Wind Generating Systems -- Steps in the installation of a wind turbine -- Overview of troubleshooting -- Understanding the troubleshooting process -- What is the difference between a symptom and a problem? -- Using troubleshooting tables and a troubleshooting matrix -- Troubleshooting wind turbine generation and transmission problems -- Troubleshooting mechanical problems and tower problems -- Troubleshooting electrical problems -- Troubleshooting hydraulic problems -- Periodic maintenance of wind generation systems -- Major overhaul of a wind turbine -- Chapter 12: Electrical And Electronic Fundamentals For Wind Generators -- Basic electricity and simple electrical circuit Measuring volts, amps, and ohms -- Using ohm's law to calculate volts, amperes, and ohms -- Fundamentals of electrical circuits -- Examples of series circuits -- Parallel circuits -- Series-parallel circuits -- Capacitors and capacitive reactance -- Resistance and inductance in an AC circuit -- Impedance: calculating the total opposition for an inductive and resistive circuit -- True power and apparent power in a AC circuit -- Calculating the power factor -- How to change power factor with inductors or capacitors -- Volt-ampere reactance (VAR) -- Three-phase transformers -- Theory and operation of a relay and contactor -- Why motor starters are used -- Fuses -- Electronic components used in inverters and circuits -- Using a diode for rectification -- Light-emitting diodes -- PNP and NPN transistors -- Silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) -- Triac -- Inverters: changing DC voltage to AC voltage -- Glossary -- Acronyms and abbreviations -- Index.

• Synopsis: The first book on wind energy designed specifically with technicians in mind! INTRODUCTION TO WIND PRINCIPLES, 1/e covers all aspects of installing and troubleshooting wind turbines, giving technicians the knowledge they need to handle even complex maintenance tasks. Writing clearly and simply, Thomas Kissell explains how wind turbine blades harvest wind energy, and how generators convert shaft turning energy into electricity. He shows how electrical and hydraulic systems control the speed of wind turbine blades, energizing blade pitch and yaw position controls. Mechanical subjects such as gears, transmissions and gearboxes are discussed in detail. Many pictures and diagrams are included, and all math and data is provided: no calculus or other mathematics is required. Some additional features include: Comprehensive, in-depth coverage-including wind turbine installation and troubleshooting, towers, blades, generators, control, and much more; History, background, trends, and demand projections-Provides the context needed to understand the growing role of wind energy Coverage of all parts of vertical and horizontal wind turbines-including small, medium, and large wind turbines; Essential electrical coverage-including basic electricity theory, magnetism, motors, generators, PLC controls, and the electrical grid; Extensive discussion of mechanical topics; Towers, tower designs, and safety- walks through the advantages and disadvantages of each type of tower, discusses the principles of safe tower design and construction, and explains nacelle installation; Integration of wind-generated electricity into the grid. 

Ämnesord

Wind turbines.  (LCSH)

Wind power.  (LCSH)

Klassifikation

TJ828 (LCC)

621.4/5 (DDC)

Pbd (kssb/8 (machine generated))