Organic fruit growing [Elektronisk resurs] / K. Lind ..

• 1. Principles of organic fruit growing -- General principles -- Legal aspects -- Conversion of a conventionally run production unit to organic fruit growing -- 2. Planning and setting up an organic production unit -- Choice of site: ecological principles -- Climate -- Location -- Soil -- Biocoenosis -- Planting stock for an organic orchard -- Propagation of planting stock in the organic nursery -- Quality of planting stock -- Planting systems in organic fruit production -- Recommended planting distances for different fruit species -- 3. Choice of rootstocks and cultivars in organic fruit production -- Dessert apple production -- Choice of rootstock -- Choice of cultivars -- Description of the most important market cultivars for organic production -- Resistant apple cultivars -- Dessert pear production -- Choice of site -- Choice of rootstock -- Choice of cultivars -- Production of stone fruit (cherries and plums) -- Choice of site -- Sweet cherries -- Plums -- Organic production of small fruit -- Choice of site -- Previous crops -- Fertilizers -- Planting stock -- Choice of cultivar -- Planting times -- Plant spacing -- Planting technique -- Training systems for bush fruits -- Weed control -- Irrigation -- Bees -- Rain shelter for prevention of diseases -- Application techniques -- 4. Cultural measures in organic fruit growing -- Protection of the soil when using machinery -- Tractor design -- Tyres -- Care of the soil -- Fertilizer application -- Nutrient requirements of pome fruit orchards -- Self-regulation of nutrient assimilation -- Methods for determining nutrient requirements -- Application of fertilizers in organic fruit production in practice -- Important organic fertilizers for fruit growing -- Organic fertilizers for soil conditioning -- Organic fertilizers for supplying nutrients -- Foliar fertilizers in organic fruit growing -- Thinning in organic fruit growing -- Timing of thinning -- Thinning methods -- Growth-regulating measures in organic fruit growing -- Pruning -- Regulation of growth by careful choice of rootstock -- Regulation of growth by choosing the most suitable level of the graft union -- Regulation of growth by double-working with an interstock -- Regulation of growth by ground cover management -- Regulation of growth by root pruning -- Cutting into the trunk with a power saw -- 5. Plant protection -- Principles and aims of organic plant protection -- Why is plant protection needed at all? -- Components of the agricultural ecosystem -- Human intervention by various methods of plant protection -- Encouraging biodiversity in orchards -- Monitoring in the orchard -- Beneficials, or taking advantage of natural regulation -- Parasitoids (predatory parasites) -- The most important predators -- Essential characteristics in beneficials -- Major diseases and pests of pome fruit -- Diseases -- Pests -- Major diseases and pests of stone fruit -- Virus diseases -- Fungal diseases -- Animal pests -- Major diseases and pests of strawberries -- Diseases -- Pests -- Major diseases and pests of raspberries -- Diseases -- Pests -- Major diseases and pests of blackberries -- Diseases -- Pests -- Major diseases and pests of currants and gooseberries -- Diseases -- Pests -- Major diseases and pests of bilberries -- Pesticides -- Fungicides -- Acaricides and insecticides -- 6. Processing -- General requirements for fruit for processing -- Ripe fruit -- Healthy fruit -- Clean fruit -- Suitable fruit -- Production of fruit juices -- Preparing the fruit -- Crushing the fruit -- Pre-treatment of the mash -- Mash transport -- Juice extraction -- Production of clear fruit juices -- Production of naturally cloudy juices -- Extending the shelf life of fruit juices -- Bottling of juices -- Production of dried fuit -- Pre-treatment of fruit -- Suitable drying methods -- Actual drying -- Production of jellies and jams -- Keeping quality of jam and jelly -- Gellability of fruits or fruit juice -- Gelling agents in common use -- Gelling test -- Filling the jars -- Changes in the jar -- Cold-stirred jams -- Production of vinegar -- Production factors -- Vinegar production processes -- Labelling of products -- Reference to organic -- Product name -- Name and address of producer -- Batch number -- Net contents -- Minimum shelf life -- List of ingredients -- Storage instructions -- Additional information -- 7. Marketing of organic products -- Selling means giving the customer something that is of benefit to him -- Customer -- Competition -- Own undertaking -- Analysis of the situation -- Which aspects should be considered at the outset? -- Analysis of the initial situation -- Checklist for analysis of the initial situation -- Checklist for analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the business -- Decision-making process -- Plans – goals – measures -- Checklist for direct sellers -- Checklist of questions to consider at the outset -- Checklist for profitability -- How big is the market? -- Finding the right target groups -- How do I approach the customer? -- Marketing strategy -- Expansion of the business – growth strategy -- How the buying process interacts with the selling process -- Sales promotion measures – sales strategy -- Marketing instruments -- Product -- Distribution -- Communication -- Price -- How cost-based pricing works -- Efficiency review -- Calculation of the profit from direct marketing -- Appendix: Annex II to EU Regulation 2092/91 265 (last amended by EU Regulation 1488/97) -- A. Permitted fertilizers and soil conditioners -- General conditions for all products -- Organic fertilizers -- Mineral fertilizers -- Other mineral fertilizers -- B. Products for plant protection. 

• This book is an English translation of the work originally published in German (1998) as Biologischer Obstbau, which was the product of collaboration between authors in Austria, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Switzerland. It brings together the knowledge and experience of organic fruit growing from a number of fruit-growing areas of Europe and will be of interest to fruit producers and growers, as well as horticultural students. The book comprises the following 7 chapters: (1) Principles of organic fruit growing, briefly covering the legal aspects and the conversion of a conventionally run production unit to organic fruit growing; (2) Planning and setting up an organic production unit - choice of site, planting stock and planting systems; (3) Choice of rootstocks and cultivars in organic fruit production, including dessert apples and pears, cherries, plums and small fruits; (4) Cultural measures in organic fruit growing - soil care, fertilizer application, thinning, and growth regulation by various means; (5) Plant protection, with sections on encouraging biodiversity in orchards, beneficial organisms, major diseases and pests of pome fruits, stone fruits, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, currants, gooseberries, and bilberries, and pesticides; (6) Processing - general requirements of fruit for processing, production of fruit juices, dried fruit, jellies and jams, vinegar, and labelling of products; and (7) Marketing of organic products. Appendices list permitted fertilizers and soil conditioners, and plant protection products (Annex II to EU Regulation 2092/91). 

Ämnesord

Fruit-culture  (LCSH)

Organic farming  (LCSH)

Klassifikation

SB357.24 (LCC)